Smog Crisis in Pakistan: Protecting Children’s Health and Future Air pollution in Pakistan is reaching alarming levels, particularly in Punjab province, where over 11 million children under 5 are exposed to hazardous smog. UNICEF Representative Abdullah Fadil highlights the urgent need to address this crisis, as Lahore and Multan recently recorded air pollution levels 100 times higher than the World Health Organization’s (WHO) air quality guidelines. This intense pollution has caused hundreds of hospitalizations, including dozens of children, and has become so severe that it is visible from space.
Impacts on Children’s Health
Young children, especially those under five, are highly vulnerable to air pollution due to their developing lungs and immune systems. They breathe faster than adults, often through the mouth, directly inhaling pollutants that lead to respiratory diseases, cognitive impairments, and even premature births for those exposed in the womb.
Education Disruption
The government has temporarily closed schools in smog-affected areas, impacting the learning of nearly 16 million children in Punjab. With Pakistan already facing an education crisis, these additional losses exacerbate the problem.
UNICEF’s Call for Action
UNICEF urges Pakistan’s government to enforce stricter emissions regulations, promote renewable energy, and reduce pollutants from agriculture and industry. COP29 presents an opportunity for climate action to protect children’s health and future.
Air Pollution Impact Table
| Impact Area | Details |
|---|---|
| Children’s Health | – Children have smaller lungs and weaker immunity – Exposure leads to respiratory diseases |
| Brain and Cognitive Development | – Particulate pollution can damage brain tissue – Can impair cognitive development |
| Pregnancy Risks | – Higher risks of premature birth – Low birth weight in babies due to pollution exposure |
| Education Disruption | – Schools closed affecting 16 million children – Learning losses worsen Pakistan’s education crisis |
| Long-term Climate Action Needed | – Urgent need for renewable energy and emissions regulation – Stricter policies to protect children |
Key Actions Needed
- Enforce existing regulations to reduce emissions.
- Strengthen policies promoting clean energy and sustainable transport.
- Raise public awareness on air pollution prevention.
COP29 is a crucial moment for action; urgent steps today can protect children’s health and future.